And a man's foes shall be they of his own household.
—Matthew 10:36
This is how they pray: a dozen clear-eyed, smooth-skinned
“brothers” gathered together in a huddle, arms crossing arms
over shoulders like the weave of a cable, leaning in on one another
and swaying like the long grass up the hill from the house they
share. The house is a handsome, gray, two-story colonial that smells
of new carpet and Pine-Sol and aftershave; the men who live there call
it Ivanwald. At the end of a tree-lined cul-de-sac, quiet but for the
buzz of lawn mowers and kids playing foxes-and-hounds in the park
across the road, Ivanwald sits as one house among many, clustered
together like mushrooms, all devoted, like these men, to the service
of Jesus Christ. The men tend every tulip in the cul-de-sac, trim
every magnolia, seal every driveway smooth and black as boot
leather. And they pray, assembled at the dining table or on their lawn
or in the hallway or in the bunk room or on the basketball court, each
man's head bowed in humility and swollen with pride (secretly, he
thinks) at being counted among such a fine corps for Christ, among men
to whom he will open his heart and whom he will remember when he
returns to the world not born-again but remade, no longer an
individual but part of the Lord's revolution, his will transformed
into a weapon for what the young men call “spiritual
war.”
“Jeff, will you lead us in prayer?”
Surely, brother. It is April 2002, and I have lived with these men
for weeks now, not as a Christiana term they deride as too
narrow for the world they are building in Christ's honorbut as a
“believer.” I have shared the brothers' meals and their work
and their games. I have been numbered among them and have been given a
part in their ministry. I have wrestled with them and showered with
them and listened to their stories: I know which man resents his
father's fortune and which man succumbed to the flesh of a woman not
once but twice and which man dances so well he is afraid of being
taken for a fag. I know what it means to be a “brother,”
which is to say that I know what it means to be a soldier in the army
of God.
“Heavenly Father,” I begin. Then, “O Lord,” but
I worry that this doesn't sound intimate enough. I settle on,
“Dear Jesus.” “Dear Jesus, just, please, Jesus, let us
fight for Your name.”
* * *
Ivanwald, which sits at the end of Twenty-fourth Street North in
Arlington, Virginia, is known only to its residents and to the
members and friends of the organization that sponsors it, a group of
believers who refer to themselves as “the Family.” The
Family is, in its own words, an “invisible” association,
though its membership has always consisted mostly of public
men. Senators Don Nickles (R., Okla.), Charles Grassley (R., Iowa),
Pete Domenici (R., N.Mex.), John Ensign (R., Nev.), James Inhofe
(R., Okla.), Bill Nelson (D., Fla.), and Conrad Burns (R., Mont.)
are referred to as “members,” as are Representatives Jim
DeMint (R., S.C.), Frank Wolf (R., Va.), Joseph Pitts (R., Pa.),
Zach Wamp (R., Tenn.), and Bart Stupak (D., Mich.). Regular prayer
groups have met in the Pentagon and at the Department of Defense,
and the Family has traditionally fostered strong ties with
businessmen in the oil and aerospace industries. The Family
maintains a closely guarded database of its associates, but it
issues no cards, collects no official dues. Members are asked not to
speak about the group or its activities.
The organization has operated under many guises, some active, some
defunct: National Committee for Christian Leadership, International
Christian Leadership, the National Leadership Council, Fellowship
House, the Fellowship Foundation, the National Fellowship Council,
the International Foundation. These groups are intended to draw
attention away from the Family, and to prevent it from becoming, in
the words of one of the Family's leaders, “a target for
misunderstanding.” 1
The Family's only publicized gathering is the National Prayer
Breakfast, which it established in 1953 and which, with
congressional sponsorship, it continues to organize every February
in Washington, D.C. Each year 3,000 dignitaries, representing scores
of nations, pay $425 each to attend. Steadfastly ecumenical, too
bland most years to merit much press, the breakfast is regarded by
the Family as merely a tool in a larger purpose: to recruit the
powerful attendees into smaller, more frequent prayer meetings,
where they can “meet Jesus man to man.”
In the process of introducing powerful men to Jesus, the Family has
managed to effect a number of behind-the-scenes acts of
diplomacy. In 1978 it secretly helped the Carter Administration
organize a worldwide call to prayer with Menachem Begin and Anwar
Sadat, and more recently, in 2001, it brought together the warring
leaders of Congo and Rwanda for a clandestine meeting, leading to
the two sides' eventual peace accord last July. Such benign acts
appear to be the exception to the rule. During the 1960s the Family
forged relationships between the U.S. government and some of the
most anti-Communist (and dictatorial) elements within Africa's
postcolonial leadership. The Brazilian dictator General Costa e
Silva, with Family support, was overseeing regular fellowship groups
for Latin American leaders, while, in Indonesia, General Suharto
(whose tally of several hundred thousand “Communists”
killed marks him as one of the century's most murderous dictators)
was presiding over a group of fifty Indonesian legislators. During
the Reagan Administration the Family helped build friendships
between the U.S. government and men such as Salvadoran general
Carlos Eugenios Vides Casanova, convicted by a Florida jury of the
torture of thousands, and Honduran general Gustavo Alvarez Martinez,
himself an evangelical minister, who was linked to both the CIA and
death squads before his own demise. “We work with power where
we can,” the Family's leader, Doug Coe, says, “build new
power where we can't.”
At the 1990 National Prayer Breakfast, George H.W. Bush praised
Doug Coe for what he described as “quiet diplomacy, I wouldn't
say secret diplomacy,” as an “ambassador of faith.”
Coe has visited nearly every world capital, often with congressmen
at his side, “making friends” and inviting them back to
the Family's unofficial headquarters, a mansion (just down the road
from Ivanwald) that the Family bought in 1978 with $1.5 million
donated by, among others, Tom Phillips, then the C.E.O. of arms
manufacturer Raytheon, and Ken Olsen, the founder and president of
Digital Equipment Corporation. A waterfall has been carved into the
mansion's broad lawn, from which a bronze bald eagle watches over
the Potomac River. The mansion is white and pillared and surrounded
by magnolias, and by red trees that do not so much tower above it as
whisper. The mansion is named for these trees; it is called The
Cedars, and Family members speak of it as a person. “The Cedars
has a heart for the poor,” they like to say. By
“poor” they mean not the thousands of literal poor living
barely a mile away but rather the poor in spirit, for theirs
is the kingdom: the senators, generals, and prime ministers who
coast to the end of Twenty-fourth Street in Arlington in black
limousines and town cars and hulking S.U.V.'s to meet one another,
to meet Jesus, to pay homage to the god of The Cedars.
There they forge “relationships” beyond the din of vox
populi (the Family's leaders consider democracy a manifestation of
ungodly pride) and “throw away religion” in favor of the
truths of the Family. Declaring God's covenant with the Jews broken,
the group's core members call themselves “the new
chosen.”
The brothers of Ivanwald are the Family's next generation, its high
priests in training. I had been recommended for membership by a
banker acquaintance, a recent Ivanwald alumnus, who had mistaken my
interest in Jesus for belief. Sometimes the brothers would ask me
why I was there. They knew that I was “half Jewish,” that
I was a writer, and that I was from New York City, which most of
them considered to be only slightly less wicked than Baghdad or
Amsterdam. I told my brothers that I was there to meet Jesus, and I
was: the new ruling Jesus, whose ways are secret.
* * *
At Ivanwald, men learn to be leaders by loving their
leaders. “They're so busy loving us,” a brother once
explained to me, “but who's loving them?” We were. The
brothers each paid $400 per month for room and board, but we were also
the caretakers of The Cedars, cleaning its gutters, mowing its lawns,
whacking weeds and blowing leaves and sanding. And we were called to
serve on Tuesday mornings, when The Cedars hosted a regular prayer
breakfast typically presided over by Ed Meese, the former attorney
general. Each week the breakfast brought together a rotating group of
ambassadors, businessmen, and American politicians. Three of
Ivanwald's brothers also attended, wearing crisp shirts starched just
for the occasion; one would sit at the table while the other two
poured coffee.
The morning I attended, Charlene, the cook, scrambled up eggs with
blue tortillas, Italian sausage, red pepper, and papaya. Three women
from Potomac Point, an “Ivanwald for girls” across the road
from The Cedars, came to help serve. They wore red lipstick and long
skirts (makeup and “feminine” attire were required) and had,
after several months of cleaning and serving in The Cedars while the
brothers worked outside, become quite unimpressed by the high-powered
clientele. “Girls don't sit in on the breakfasts,” one of
them told me, though she said that none of them minded because it was
“just politics.”
The breakfast began with a prayer and a sprinkle of scripture from
Meese, who sat at the head of the table. Matthew 11:27: “No one
knows the Son except the Father, and no one knows the Father except
the Son and those to whom the Son chooses to reveal him.” That
morning's chosen introduced themselves. They were businessmen from
Dallas and Oregon, a Chinese Christian dissident, a man who ran an aid
group for Tibetan refugees (the Dalai Lama had been very positive on
Jesus at their last meeting, he reported). Two ambassadors, from Benin
and Rwanda, sat side by side. Rwanda's representative, Dr. Richard
Sezibera, was an intense man who refused to eat his eggs or even any
melon. He drank cup after cup of coffee, and his eyes were
bloodshot. A man I didn't recognize, whom Charlene identified as a
former senator, suggested that negotiators from Rwanda and Congo,
trapped in a war that has slain more than 2 million, should stop
worrying about who will get the diamonds and the oil and instead focus
on who will get Jesus. “Power sharing is not going to work
unless we change their hearts,” he said.
Sezibera stared, incredulous. Meese chuckled and opened his mouth
to speak, but Sezibera interrupted him. “It is not so
simple,” the Rwandan said, his voice flat and low. Meese
smiled. Everyone in the Family loves rebukes, and here was Rwanda
rebuking them. The former senator nodded. Meese murmured,
“Yes,” stroking his maroon leather Bible, and the words
“Thank you, Jesus” rippled in whispers around the table as I
poured Sezibera another cup of coffee.
The brothers also served at the Family's four-story, redbrick
Washington town house, a former convent at 133 C Street S.E. complete
with stained-glass windows. Eight congressmenincluding Senator
Ensign and seven representatives2lived there, brothers in Christ
just like us, only more powerful. We scrubbed their toilets, hoovered
their carpets, polished their silver. The day I worked at C Street I
ran into Doug Coe, who was tutoring Todd Tiahrt, a Republican
congressman from Kansas. A friendly, plainspoken man with a bright,
lazy smile, Coe has worked for the Family since 1959, soon after he
graduated from college, and has led it since 1969.
Tiahrt was a short shot glass of a man, two parts flawless hair and
one part teeth. He wanted to know the best way “for the Christian
to win the race with the Muslim.” The Muslim, he said, has too
many babies, while Americans kill too many of theirs.
Doug agreed this could be a problem. But he was more concerned that
the focus on labels like “Christian” might get in the way of
the congressman's prayers. Religion distracts people from Jesus, Doug
said, and allows them to isolate Christ's will from their work in the
world.
“People separate it out,” he warned Tiahrt. “'Oh,
okay, I got religion, that's private.' As if Jesus doesn't know
anything about building highways, or Social Security. We gotta take
Jesus out of the religious wrapping.”
“All right, how do we do that?” Tiahrt asked.
“A covenant,” Doug answered. The congressman half-smiled,
as if caught between confessing his ignorance and pretending he knew
what Doug was talking about. “Like the Mafia,” Doug
clarified. “Look at the strength of their bonds.” He made a
fist and held it before Tiahrt's face. Tiahrt nodded,
squinting. “See, for them it's honor,” Doug said. “For
us, it's Jesus.”
Coe listed other men who had changed the world through the strength
of the covenants they had forged with their “brothers”:
“Look at Hitler,” he said. “Lenin, Ho Chi Minh, Bin
Laden.” The Family, of course, possessed a weapon those leaders
lacked: the “total Jesus” of a brotherhood in Christ.
“That's what you get with a covenant,” said
Coe. “Jesus plus nothing.”
* * *
To the Family, Jesus is not just a name; he is also a real
man. “An awesome guy,” a Family employee named Terry
told the brothers over breakfast one morning. “He excelled in
every activity. He was a great teacher, sure, but he was also a
real guy's guy. He would have made an excellent
athlete.”
On my first day at Ivanwald, on an uneven court behind the house, I
learned to play a two-ball variant of basketball called
“bump” that was designed to sharpen both body and soul. In
bump, players compete at free throws, each vying to sink his own
before the man behind him sinks his. If he hits first then you're out,
with one exception: the basket's net narrows at the chute so that the
ball sometimes sticks, at which point another player can hurl his ball
up from beneath, knocking the first ball out. In this event everyone
cries “Bu-u-ump,” with great joy.
Bengt began it. He was one of the house's leaders, a
twenty-four-year-old North Carolinian with sad eyes and spiky eyebrows
and a loud, disarming laugh that made him sound like a donkey. From
inside the house, waiting for a phone call, he opened a second-floor
window and called to Gannon for a ball. Gannon, the son of a Texas
oilman, worked as a Senate aide3; he had blond hair and a chin like a
plow, and he sang in a choir. He tossed one up, which Bengt caught and
dispatched toward the basket. “Nice,” Gannon drawled as the
ball sank through.
As soon as the ball bounced off the rim, Beau was at the free-throw
line, taking his shot. Beau was a good-natured Atlantan with the build
of a wrestler; as a bumper he was second only to Bengt.
“It's okay if you bump into the other guys, too,” Gannon
told me as my turn approached. “The idea's kinda to get that
tension building.” Ahead of me Beau bent his knees to take
another shot. The moment the ball rolled off his fingers, Wayne, also
from Georgia, jumped up and hurled his own ball over Beau's head. As
he returned to earth, his elbow descended on Beau's shoulder like a
hammer. “Bump that,” he said.
Bump was designed to bring out your hostilities. The Family
believes that you can't grow in Jesus unless you “face your
anger,” and then abandon it. When bump worked right, each man
was supposed to lose himself, forgetting even the precepts of the
game. Sometimes you wanted to get the ball in, sometimes you wanted to
knock it out. In, out, it didn't matter. Your ball, his, who cared?
Bump wasn't horseplay, it was a physicalized theology. It was to
basketball what the New Testament is to the Old: stripped down to one
simple story that always ends the same. Bump, Jesus. Bump, Jesus.
I stepped to the line and, after missing, moved in for a
layup. Wayne jumped to the line and shot. “Dude!” he
shouted. I looked up. His ball, meant to hit mine, slammed into my
forehead. Bu-u-ump! the boys hollered. They had bumped me with
Christ.
Bengt bumped. Beau bumped. Gannon bumped. I was out of
contention. Gannon joined me, then Beau. The game was down to Bengt
and Wayne. When Wayne threw from behind Bengt, he hurled the ball with
such force that it sent Bengt chasing his ball into the neighboring
yard. “Tenacious Wayne!” Gannon roared. Wayne scooped up his
own ball, leapt, and slam-dunked Bengt out. “That's yo
motha!” he hollered.
Trotting back to the court, Bengt shook his head. “You the
man, Wayne,” he said. “Just keep it calm.” Wayne was
ready to burst.
“Huddle up guys,” said Bengt. We formed a circle, arms
wrapped around shoulders. “Okay,” he said. “We're gonna
pray now. Lord, I just want to thank you for bringing us out here
today to have fellowship in bump and for blessing this fine day with a
visit from our new friend Jeff. Lord, we thank you for bringing this
brother to us from up north, because we know he can learn to bump, and
justlove you, and serve you and Lord, let us all justLord,
be together in your name. Amen.”
* * *
The regimen was so precise it was relaxing: no swearing,
no drinking, no sex, no self. Watch out for magazines and don't
waste time on newspapers and never watch TV. Eat meat, study the
Gospels, play basketball: God loves a man who can sink a
three-pointer. Pray to be broken. O Heavenly Father. Dear
Jesus. Help me be humble. Let me do Your will. Every morning began
with a prayer, some days with outsidersWednesdays led by a
former Ivanwald brother, now a businessman; Thursdays led by
another executive who used tales of high finance to illuminate our
lessons from scripture, which he supplemented with xeroxed midrash
from Fortune or Fast Company; Fridays with the women
of Potomac Point. But most days it was just us boys, bleary-eyed,
gulping coffee and sugared cereal as Bengt and Jeff Connolly,
Bengt's childhood friend and our other house leader, laid out
lines of Holy Word across the table like strategy.
The dining room had once been a deck, but the boys had walled it in
and roofed it over and unrolled a red Persian carpet, transforming the
room into a sort of monastic meeting place, with two long tables end
to end, ringed by a dozen chairs and two benches. The first day I
visited Ivanwald, Bengt cleared a space for me at the head of the
table and sat to my right. Beside him, Wayne slumped in his chair, his
eyes hidden by a cowboy hat. Across from him sat Beau, still wearing
the boxers and T-shirt he'd slept in. Bengt alone looked sharp, his
hair combed, golf shirt tucked tightly into pleated chinos.
Bengt told Gannon to read our text for that morning, Psalm 139:
“'O Lord, you have searched me and you know me.'” The very
first line made Bengt smile; this was, in his view, an awesome thing
for God to have done. Bengt's manners and naive charm preceded him in
every encounter. When you told him a story he would respond,
“Goll-y!” just to be nice. When genuinely surprised
he would exclaim, “Good ni-ight!” Sometimes it was
hard to remember that he was a self-professed revolutionary.
He asked Gannon to keep reading, and then leaned back and
listened.
“'Where can I go from your Spirit? Where can I flee from your
presence? If I go up to the heavens, you are there; if I make my bed
in the depths, you are there.'”
Bengt raised a hand. “That's great, dude. Let's talk about
that.” The room fell silent as Bengt stared into his Bible,
running his finger up and down the gilded edge of the
page. “Guys,” he said. “Whathow does that make
you feel?”
“Known,” said Gannon, almost in a whisper.
Bengt nodded. He was looking for something else, but he didn't know
where it was. “What does it make you think of?”
“Jesus?” said Beau.
Bengt stroked his chin. “Yeah . . . Let me read you a little
more.” He read in a monotone, accelerating as he went, as if he
could persuade us through a sheer heap of words. “'For you
created my inmost being; you knit me together in my mother's
womb,'” he concluded. His lips curled into a half
smile. “Man! I mean, that's intense, right? 'In my mother's
womb'God's right in there with you.” He grinned. “It's
like,” he said, “it's like, you can't run. Doesn't
matter where you turn, 'cause Jesus is gonna be there, just waiting
for you.”
Beau's eyes cleared and Gannon nodded. “Yeah, brother,”
Bengt said, an eyebrow arched. “Jesus is smart. He's gonna
get you.”
Gannon shook his head. “Oh, he's already got me.”
“Me, too,” Beau chimed, and then each man clasped his
hands into one fist and pressed it against his forehead or his chin
and prayed, eyes closed and Jesus all over his skin.
* * *
We prayed to be “nothing.” We were there to “soften
our hearts to authority.” We instituted a rule that every man
must wipe the toilet bowl after he pisses, not for cleanliness but to
crush his “inner rebel.” Jeff C. did so by abstaining from
“shady” R-rated movies, lest they provoke dreams of
women. He was built like a leprechaun, with curly, dark blond hair and
freckles and a brilliant smile. The Potomac Point girls brought him
cookies; the wives of the Family's older men asked him to visit. One
night, when the guys went on a swing-dancing date with the Potomac
Pointers, more worldly women flocked to Jeff C., begging to be dipped
and twirled. The feeling was not mutual. “I just don't like girls
as much as guys,” he told me one day while we painted a new coat
of “Gettysburg Gray” onto Ivanwald. He was speaking not of
sex or of romance but of brotherhood. “I like”he
paused, his brush suspended
midstroke“competence.”
He ran nearly every day, often alone, down by the Potomac. On the
basketball court anger sometimes overcame him: “Shoot the
ball!” he would snap at Rogelio, a shy eighteen-year-old from
Paraguay, one of several international brothers. But later Jeff
C. would turn his lapse into a lesson, citing scripture, a verse we
were to memorize or else be banished, by Jeff C. himself, to a night
in the basement. Ephesians, chapter 4, verses 26–27: “'In
your anger do not sin': Do not let the sun go down while you are still
angry, and do not give the devil a foothold.”
Jeff C.'s pride surfaced in unexpected ways. Once, together in the
kitchen after lunch, I mentioned that I'd seen the soul singer Al
Green live. Jeff C. didn't answer. Instead he disappeared, reemerged
with a Green CD, and set it in the boom box. He pressed play, and
cracked his knuckles and his neck bones. His hands balled into fists,
his eyes widened, and his torso became a jumping bean as his chest
popped out on the downbeat. He heard me laughing, applauding, but he
didn't stop. He started singing along with the Reverend. He grabbed
his crotch and wrenched his shirt up and ran his hand over his
stomach. Then he froze and dropped back to his ordinary voice as if
narrating.
“I used to work in this pizza parlor,” he said. “It
was, like, a buncha . . . I dunno, junkies. Heroin.” He
grinned. “But man, they loved Al Green. We had a poster of
him. He was, he was . . . man! Shirtless, leather pants. Low
leather pants.” Jeff C. tugged his waistband down. “Hips
cocked.” He shook his head and howled. Moonwalking away, he
snapped his knees together, his feet spread wide, his hands in the
air, testifying.
Jeff C. figured I had a thing against Southerners. Once, he asked
if I thought the South was “racist.” I got it, I tried to
tell him, I knew the North was just as bad, but he wouldn't listen. He
told me I could call him a redneck or a hillbilly (I never called him
either), but the truth was that he was “blacker” than me. He
told me of his deep love for black gospel churches. Loving black
people, he told me, made him a better follower of
Christ. “Remember that story Cal Thomas told?” he
asked. Thomas, a syndicated columnist, had recently stopped by
Ivanwald for a mixer with young congressional staffers. He had regaled
his audience with stories about tweaking his liberal colleagues, in
particular about when he had addressed a conference of nonbelievers by
asking if anyone knew where to buy a good “negro.” Jeff
C. thought it was hilarious but also profound. What Thomas had meant,
he told me, was that absent the teachings of Jesus there was no reason
for the strong not to enslave the weak.
* * *
Two weeks into my stay, David Coe, Doug's son and the presumptive
heir to leadership of the Family, dropped by the house. My brothers
and I assembled in the living room, where David had draped his tall
frame over a burgundy leather recliner like a frat boy, one leg
hanging over a padded arm.
“You guys,” David said, “are here to learn how to
rule the world.” He was in his late forties, with dark,
gray-flecked hair, an olive complexion, and teeth like a slab of white
marble. We sat around him in a rough circle, on couches and chairs, as
the afternoon light slanted through the wooden blinds onto walls
adorned with foxhunting lithographs and a giant tapestry of the Last
Supper. Rafael, a wealthy Ecuadoran who'd been a college soccer star
before coming to Ivanwald, had a hard time with English, and he didn't
understand what David had said. So he stared, lips parted in
puzzlement. David seemed to like that. He stared back, holding Raf's
gaze like it was a pretty thing he'd found on the ground. “You
have very intense eyes,” David said.
“Thank you,” Raf mumbled.
“Hey,” David said, “let's talk about the Old
Testament. Who would you say are its good guys?”
“David,” Beau volunteered.
“King David,” David Coe said. “That's a good
one. David. Hey. What would you say made King David a good guy?”
He was giggling, not from nervousness but from barely containable
delight.
“Faith?” Beau said. “His faith was so
strong?”
“Yeah.” David nodded as if he hadn't heard that
before. “Hey, you know what's interesting about King David?”
From the blank stares of the others I could see that they did
not. Many didn't even carry a Hebrew Bible, preferring a slim volume
of just the New Testament Gospels and Epistles and, from the Old,
Psalms. Others had the whole book, but the gold gilt on the pages of
the first two thirds remained undisturbed. “King David,”
David Coe went on, “liked to do really, really bad things.”
He chuckled. “Here's this guy who slept with another man's
wifeBathsheba, right?and then basically murders her
husband. And this guy is one of our heroes.” David shook his
head. “I mean, Jiminy Christmas, God likes this guy! What,”
he said, “is that all about?”
The answer, we discovered, was that King David had been
“chosen.” To illustrate this point David Coe turned to
Beau. “Beau, let's say I hear you raped three little girls. And
now here you are at Ivanwald. What would I think of you,
Beau?”
Beau shrank into the cushions. “Probably that I'm pretty
bad?”
“No, Beau. I wouldn't. Because I'm not here to judge
you. That's not my job. I'm here for only one thing.”
“Jesus?” Beau said. David smiled and winked.
He walked to the National Geographic map of the world mounted on
the wall. “You guys know about Genghis Khan?” he
asked. “Genghis was a man with a vision. He
conquered”David stood on the couch under the map, tracing,
with his hand, half the northern hemisphere“nearly
everything. He devastated nearly everything. His enemies? He beheaded
them.” David swiped a finger across his throat. “Dop, dop,
dop, dop.”
David explained that when Genghis entered a defeated city he would
call in the local headman and have him stuffed into a crate. Over the
crate would be spread a tablecloth, and on the tablecloth would be
spread a wonderful meal. “And then, while the man suffocated,
Genghis ate, and he didn't even hear the man's screams.” David
still stood on the couch, a finger in the air. “Do you know what
that means?” He was thinking of Christ's parable of the
wineskins. “You can't pour new into old,” David said,
returning to his chair. “We elect our leaders. Jesus elects
his.”
He reached over and squeezed the arm of a brother. “Isn't that
great?” David said. “That's the way everything in life
happens. If you're a person known to be around Jesus, you can go and
do anything. And that's who you guys are. When you leave here, you're
not only going to know the value of Jesus, you're going to know the
people who rule the world. It's about vision. 'Get your vision
straight, then relate.' Talk to the people who rule the world, and
help them obey. Obey Him. If I obey Him myself, I help others
do the same. You know why? Because I become a warning. We
become a warning. We warn everybody that the future king is
coming. Not just of this country or that, but of the world.” Then
he pointed at the map, toward the Khan's vast, reclaimable empire.
* * *
One night I asked Josh, a brother from Atlanta who was hoping to do
mission work overseas, if I could look at some materials the Family
had given him. “Man, I'd love to share them with you,” he
said, and retrieved from his bureau drawer two folders full of
documents. While my brothers slept, I sat at the end of our long, oak
dining table and copied them into my notebook.
In a document entitled “Our Common Agreement as a Core
Group,” members of the Family are instructed to form a “core
group,” or a “cell,” which is defined as “a
publicly invisible but privately identifiable group of
companions.” A document called “Thoughts on a Core
Group” explains that “Communists use cells as their basic
structure. The mafia operates like this, and the basic unit of the
Marine Corps is the four man squad. Hitler, Lenin, and many others
understood the power of a small core of people.”
Another document, “Thoughts and Principles of the
Family,” sets forth political guidelines, such as
21. We recognize the place and responsibility of national
secular leaders in the work of advancing His kingdom.
23. To the world in general we will say that we are “in
Christ” rather than
“Christian”“Christian” having become a
political term in most of the world and in the United States a
meaningless term.
24. We desire to see a leadership led by Godleaders of all
levels of society who direct projects as they are led by the
spirit.
and self-examination questions:
4. Do I give only verbal assent to the policies of the family or am
I a partner in seeking the mind of the Lord?
7. Do I agree with and practice the financial precepts of the
family?4
13. Am I willing to work without human recognition?
When the group is ready, “Thoughts on a Core Group”
explains, it can set to work:
After being together for a while, in this closer relationship, God
will give you more insight into your own geographical area and your
sphere of influencemake your opportunities a matter of
prayer.
. . . The primary purpose of a core group is not to
become an “action group,” but an invisible “believing
group.” However, activity normally grows out of agreements
reached in faith and in prayer around the person of Jesus Christ.
Long-term goals were best summarized in a document called
“Youth Corps Vision.” Another Family project, Youth Corps
distributes pleasant brochures featuring endorsements from political
leadersamong them Tsutomu Hata, a former prime minister of
Japan, former secretary of state James Baker, and Yoweri Museveni,
president of Ugandaand full of enthusiastic rhetoric about
helping young people to learn the principles of leadership. The word
“Jesus” is unmentioned in the brochure.
But “Youth Corps Vision,” which is intended only for
members of the Family (“it's kinda secret,” Josh cautioned
me), is more direct.
The Vision is to mobilize thousands of young people world
widecommitted to principle precepts, and person of Jesus
Christ. . . .
A group of highly dedicated individuals who are
united together having a total commitment to use their lives to
daily seek to mature into people who talk like Jesus, act like Jesus,
think like Jesus. This group will have the responsibility to:
see that the commitment and action is maintained to the overall
vision;
see that the finest and best invisible organization
is developed and maintained at all levels of the work;
even
though the structure is hidden, see that the family atmosphere is
maintained, so that all people can feel a part of the family.
Another document“Regional Reports, January 3,
2002”lists some of the nations where Youth Corps programs
are already in operation: Russia, Ukraine, Romania, India, Pakistan,
Uganda, Nepal, Bhutan, Ecuador, Honduras, Peru. Youth Corps is, in
many respects, a more aggressive version of Young Life, a better-known
network of Christian youth groups that entice teenagers with parties
and sports, and only later work Jesus into the equation. Most of my
American brothers at Ivanwald had been among Young Life's elite, and
many had returned to Young Life during their college summers to work
as counselors. Youth Corps, whose programs are often centered around
Ivanwald-style houses, prepares the best of its recruits for positions
of power in business and government abroad. The goal: “Two
hundred national and international world leaders bound together
relationally by a mutual love for God and the family.”
* * *
Between 1984 and 1992 the Fellowship Foundation consigned 592
boxesdecades of the Family's letters, sermons, minutes,
Christmas cards, travel itineraries, and lists of membersto an
archive at the Billy Graham Center of Wheaton College in
Illinois. Until I visited last fall, the archive had gone largely
unexamined.
The Family was founded in April 1935 by Abraham Vereide, a
Norwegian immigrant who made his living as a traveling preacher. One
night, while lying in bed fretting about socialists, Wobblies, and a
Swedish Communist who, he was sure, planned to bring Seattle under the
control of Moscow, Vereide received a visitation: a voice, and a light
in the dark, bright and blinding. The next day he met a friend, a
wealthy businessman and former major, and the two men agreed upon a
spiritual plan. They enlisted nineteen business executives in a weekly
breakfast meeting and together they prayed, convinced that Jesus alone
could redeem Seattle and crush the radical unions. They wanted to give
Jesus a vessel, and so they asked God to raise up a leader. One of
their number, a city councilman named Arthur Langlie, stood and said,
“I am ready to let God use me.” Langlie was made first mayor
and later governor, backed in both campaigns by money and muscle from
his prayer-breakfast friends, whose number had rapidly
multiplied.5
Vereide and his new brothers spread out across the Northwest in
chauffeured vehicles (a $20,000 Dusenburg carried brothers on one
mission, he boasted). “Men,” wrote Vereide, “thus
quickened.” Prayer breakfast groups were formed in dozens of
cities, from San Francisco to Philadelphia. There were already enough
men ministering to the down-and-out, Vereide had decided; his mission
field would be men with the means to seize the world for God. Vereide
called his potential flock of the rich and powerful, those in need
only of the “real” Jesus, the “up-and-out.”
Vereide arrived in Washington, D.C., on September 6, 1941, as the
guest of a man referred to only as “Colonel Brindley.”
“Here I am finally,” he wrote to his wife, Mattie, who
remained in Seattle. “In a day or twomany will know that I
am in town and by God's grace it will hum.” Within weeks he had
held his first D.C. prayer meeting, attended by more than a hundred
congressmen. By 1943, now living in a suite at Colonel Brindley's
University Club, Vereide was an insider. “My what a full and busy
day!” he wrote to Mattie on January 22.
The Vice President brought me to the Capitol and counseled with me
regarding the programs and plans, and then introduced me to Senator
[Ralph Owen] Brewster, who in turn to Senator [Harold Hitz]
Burtonthen planned further the program [of a prayer breakfast]
and enlisted their cooperation. Then to the Supreme Court for visits
with some of them . . . then back to the Senate, House. . . . The hand
of the Lord is upon me. He is leading.
By the end of the war, nearly a third of U.S. senators attended one
of his weekly prayer meetings.
In 1944, Vereide had foreseen what he called “the new world
order.” “Upon the termination of the war there will be many
men available to carry on,” Vereide wrote in a letter to his
wife. “Now the ground-work must be laid and our leadership
brought to face God in humility, prayer and obedience.” He began
organizing prayer meetings for delegates to the United Nations, at
which he would instruct them in God's plan for rebuilding from the
wreckage of the war. Donald Stone, a high-ranking administrator of
the Marshall Plan, joined the directorship of Vereide's
organization. In an undated letter, he wrote Vereide that he would
“soon begin a tour around the world for the [Marshall Plan],
combining with this a spiritual mission.” In 1946, Vereide, too,
toured the world, traveling with letters of introduction from a half
dozen senators and representatives, and from Paul G. Hoffman, the
director of the Marshall Plan. He traveled also with a mandate from
General John Hildring, assistant secretary of state, to oversee the
creation of a list of good Germans of “the predictable type”
(many of whom, Vereide believed, were being held for having “the
faintest connection” with the Nazi regime), who could be released
from prison “to be used, according to their ability in the
tremendous task of reconstruction.” Vereide met with Jewish
survivors and listened to their stories, but he nevertheless
considered ex-Nazis well suited for the demands of “strong”
government, so long as they were willing to worship Christ as they had
Hitler.
In 1955, Senator Frank Carlson, a close adviser to Eisenhower and
an even closer associate of Vereide's, convened a meeting at which he
declared the Family's mission to be a “worldwide spiritual
offensive,” in which common cause would be made with anyone
opposed to the Soviet Union. That same year, the Family financed an
anti-Communist propaganda film, Militant Liberty, for use by
the Defense Department in influencing opinion abroad. By the Kennedy
era, the spiritual offensive had fronts on every continent but
Antarctica (which Family missionaries would not visit until the
1980s). In 1961, Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia deeded the Family
a prime parcel in downtown Addis Ababa to serve as an African
headquarters, and by then the Family also had powerful friends in
South Africa, Nigeria, and Kenya. Back home, Senator Strom Thurmond
prepared several reports for Vereide concerning the Senate's
deliberations. Former president Eisenhower, Doug Coe would later claim
at a private meeting of politicians, once pledged secret operatives to
aid the Family's operations. Even in Franco's Spain, Vereide once
boasted at a prayer breakfast in 1965, “there are secret cells
such as the American Embassy [and] the Standard Oil office [that allow
us] to move practically anywhere.”
By the late sixties, Vereide's speeches to local prayer breakfast
groups had become minor news events, and Family members' travels on
behalf of Christ had attracted growing press attention. Vereide began
to worry that the movement he had spent his life building might become
just another political party. In 1966, a few years before he was
“promoted” to heaven at age eighty-four, Vereide wrote a
letter declaring it time to “submerge the institutional image of
[the Family].” No longer would the Family recruit its powerful
members in public, nor recruit so many. “There has always been
one man,” wrote Vereide, “or a small core who have caught
the vision for their country and become aware of what a 'leadership
led by God' could mean spiritually to the nation and to the
world. . . . It is these men, banded together, who can accomplish the
vision God gave me years ago.”
* * *
Two weeks into my stay, Bengt announced to the brothers that he was
applying to graduate school. He had chosen a university close enough
to commute from the house, with a classics program he hoped would
complement (maybe even renew, he told me privately) his relationship
with Christ. After dinner every night he would disappear into the
little office beside his upstairs bunk room to compose his statement
of purpose on the house's one working computer.
Knowing I was a writer, he eventually gave me the essay to read. We
sat down in Ivanwald's “office,” a room barely big enough
for the two of us. We crossed our legs in opposite directions so as
not to knock knees.
My formal education has been a progression from confusion and
despair to hope, the essay began. Its story hewed to the familiar
fundamentalist routine of lost and found: every man and woman a
sinner, fallen but nonetheless redeemed. And yet Bengt's sins were
not of the flesh but of the mind. In college he had abandoned his
boyhood ambition of becoming a doctor to study philosophy: Nietzsche,
Kierkegaard, Hegel. Raised in the faith, his ideas about God crumbled
before the disciplined rage of the philosophers. “I cut and
ran,” he told me. To Africa, where by day he worked on ships and
in clinics, and by night read Dostoevsky and the Bible, its darkest
and most seductive passages: Lamentations, Job, the Song of
Songs. These authors were alike, his essay observed: They wrote
about [suffering] like a companion.
I looked up. “A double,” I said, remembering Dostoevsky's
alter egos.
Bengt nodded. “You know how you can stare at something for a
long time and not see it the way it really is? That's what scripture
had been to me.” Through Dostoevsky he began to see the Old
Testament for what it is: relentless in its horror, its God a fire, a
whirlwind, a “bear, lying in wait,” “a lion in secret
places.” Even worse is its Man: a rapist, a murderer, a wretched
thief, a fool.
“But,” said Bengt, “that's not how it
ends.”
Bengt meant Jesus. I thought of the end of The Brothers
Karamazov: the saintly Alyosha, leading a pack of boys away from a
funeral to feast on pancakes, everyone clapping hands and proclaiming
eternal brotherhood. In Africa, Bengt had seen people who were
diseased, starving, trapped by war, but who seemed nonetheless to
experience joy. Bengt recalled listening to a group of starving men
play the drums. “Doubt,” he said, “is just a prelude to
joy.”
I had heard this before from mainstream Christians, but I suspected
Bengt meant it differently. A line in Dostoevsky's The
Possessed reminded me of him: when the conservative nationalist
Shatov asks Stavrogin, the cold-hearted radical, “Wasn't it you
who said that even if it was proved to you mathematically that the
Truth was outside Christ, you would prefer to remain with Christ
outside the Truth?” Stavrogin, who refuses to be cornered, denies
it.
“Exactly,” Bengt said. In Africa he had seen the
trappings of Christianity fall away. All that remained was
Christ. “You can't argue with absolute power.”
I put the essay down. Bengt nudged it back into my hands. “I
want to know what you think of my ending.”
As I have read more about Jesus, it ran, I have
also been intrigued by his style of interaction with other
people. He was fascinated in particular by an encounter in the
Gospel of John, chapter 1, verse 35–39, in which Jesus asks two
men why they are following him. In turn, the men ask where Jesus is
staying, to which he replies, “Come and see.” I am not
sure how Jesus asks the question, Bengt had concluded, but from
the response, it seems like he is asking, “What do you
desire?”
“That's what it's about,” Bengt said. “Desire.”
He shifted in his chair. “Think about it: 'What do you
desire?'”
“God?”
“Yes.”
“That's the answer?” I asked.
“He's the question,” Bengt retorted, half-smiling,
satisfied with his inversion by which doubt became the essence of a
dogma. God was just what Bengt desired Him to be, even as Bengt was,
in the face of God, “nothing.” Not for aesthetics alone, I
realized, did Bengt and the Family reject the label
“Christian.” Their faith and their practice seemed closer to
a perverted sort of Buddhism, their God outside “the truth,”
their Christ everywhere and nowhere at once, His commands phrased as
questions, His will as simple to divine as one's own desires. And what
the Family desired, from Abraham Vereide to Doug Coe to Bengt, was
power, worldly power, with which Christ's kingdom can be built, cell
by cell.
* * *
Not long after our conversation, Bengt put a bucket beside the
toilet in the downstairs bunk room. From now on, he announced, all
personal items left in the living room would go into the
bucket. “If you're missing anything, guys,” Bengt said over
dinner, “look in the bucket.”
I looked in the bucket. Here's what I found: One pair of
flip-flops. One pocket-sized edition of the sayings of Jesus. One
Frisbee. One copy of Executive Orders, by Tom Clancy,
hardcover. One brown-leather Bible, well worn, beautifully printed on
onion skin, given to Bengt Carlson by Palmer Carlson. One pair of
dirty underwear.
When I picked up the Bible the pages flipped open to the Gospel of
John, and my eyes fell on a single underlined phrase, chapter 15,
verse 3: “You are already clean.”
* * *
Whenever a sufficiently large crop of God's soldiers was bunked up
at Ivanwald, Doug Coe made a point of stopping by for dinner. Doug
was, in spirit, Christ's closest disciple, the master bumper; the
brothers viewed his visit as far more important than that of any
senator or prime minister. The night he joined us he wore a crisply
pressed golf shirt and dark slacks, and his skin was well tanned. He
brought a guest with him, an Albanian politician whose pale face and
ill-fitting gray suit made Doug seem all the more radiant. In his
early seventies, Doug could have passed for fifty: his hair was dark,
his cheeks taut. His smile was like a lantern.
“Where,” Doug asked Rogelio, “are you from, in
Paraguay?”
“Asunción,” he said.
Doug smiled. “I've visited there many times.” He chewed
for a while. “Asunción. A Latin leader was assassinated
there twenty years ago. A Nicaraguan. Does anybody know who it
was?”
I waited for someone to speak, but no one did. “Somoza,”
I said. The dictator overthrown by the Sandinistas.
“Somoza,” Doug said, his eyes sweeping back to
me. “An interesting man.”
Doug stared. I stared back. “I liked to visit him,” Doug
said. “A very bad man, behind his machine guns.” He smiled
like he was going to laugh, but instead he moved his fork to his
mouth. “And yet,” he said, a bite poised at the tip of his
tongue, “he had a heart for the poor.” Doug stared. I stared
back.
“Do you ever think about prayer?” he asked. But the
question wasn't for me. It wasn't for anyone. Doug was preparing a
parable.
There was a man he knew, he said, who didn't really believe in
prayer. So Doug made him a bet. If this man would choose something
and pray for it for forty-five days, every day, he wagered God would
make it so. It didn't matter whether the man believed. It wouldn't
have mattered whether he was a Christian. All that mattered was the
fact of prayer. Every day. Forty-five days. He couldn't lose, Doug
told the man. If Jesus didn't answer his prayers, Doug would pay him
$500.
“What should I pray for?” the man asked.
“What do you think God would like you to pray for?” Doug
asked him.
“I don't know,” said the man. “How about
Africa?”
“Good,” said Doug. “Pick a country.”
“Uganda,” the man said, because it was the only one he
could remember.
“Fine,” Doug told him. “Every day, for forty-five
days, pray for Uganda. God please help Uganda. God please help
Uganda.”
On the thirty-second day, Doug told us, this man met a woman from
Uganda. She worked with orphans. Come visit, she told the man, and so
he did, that very weekend. And when he came home, he raised a million
dollars in donated medicine for the orphans. “So you see,”
Doug told him, “God answered your prayers. You owe me
$500.”
There was more. After the man had returned to the United States,
the president of Uganda called the man at his home and said, “I
am making a new government. Will you help me make some
decisions?”
“So,” Doug told us, “my friend said to the
president, 'Why don't you come and pray with me in America? I have a
good group of friendssenators, congressmenwho I like to
pray with, and they'd like to pray with you.' And that president came
to The Cedars, and he met Jesus. And his name is Yoweri Museveni, and
he is now the president of all the presidents in Africa. And he is a
good friend of the Family.”
“That's awesome,” Beau said.
“Yes,” Doug said, “it's good to have friends. Do you
know what a difference a friend can make? A friend you can agree
with?” He smiled. “Two or three agree, and they pray? They
can do anything. Agree. Agreement. What's that mean?” Doug
looked at me. “You're a writer. What does that mean?”
I remembered Paul's letter to the Philippians, which we had begun
to memorize. Fulfill ye my joy, that ye be likeminded.
“Unity,” I said. “Agreement means unity.”
Doug didn't smile. “Yes,” he said. “Total
unity. Two, or three, become one. Do you know,” he asked,
“that there's another word for that?”
No one spoke.
“It's called a covenant. Two, or three, agree? They can do
anything. A covenant is . . . powerful. Can you think of anyone who
made a covenant with his friends?”
We all knew the answer to this, having heard his name invoked
numerous times in this context. Andrew from Australia, sitting beside
Doug, cleared his throat: “Hitler.”
“Yes,” Doug said. “Yes, Hitler made a covenant. The
Mafia makes a covenant. It is such a very powerful thing. Two, or
three, agree.” He took another bite from his plate, planted his
fork on its tines. “Well, guys,” he said, “I gotta
go.”
As Doug Coe left, my brothers' hearts were beating hard: for the
poor, for a covenant. “Awesome,” Bengt said. We stood to
clear our dishes.
* * *
On one of my last nights at Ivanwald, the neighborhood boys asked
my brothers and me to play. There were roughly six boys, ranging in
age from maybe seven to eleven, all junior members of the Family. They
wanted to play flashlight tag. It was balmy, and the streetlight
glittered against the blacktop, and hiding places beckoned from behind
trees and in bushes. One of the boys began counting, and my brothers,
big and small, scattered. I lay flat on a hillside. From there I could
track movement in the shadows and smell the mint leaves planted in the
garden. A figure approached and I sprang up and ran, down the sidewalk
and up through the garden, over a wall that my pursuer, a small boy,
had trouble climbing. But once he was over he kept charging, and just
as I was about to vanish into the trees his flashlight caught
me. “Jeff I see you you're It!” the boy cried. I stopped and
turned, and he kept the beam on me. Blinded, I could hear only the
slap of his sneakers as he ran across the driveway toward
me. “Okay, dude,” he whispered, and turned off the
flashlight. I recognized him as little Stevie, whose drawing of a
machine gun we had posted in our bunk room. He handed the flashlight
to me, spun around, started to run, then stopped and looked over his
shoulder. “You're It now,” he whispered, and disappeared
into the dark.
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